Lipoprotein (a) or Lp(a) is a genetic variant of LDL cholesterol that acts as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease
Lipoprotein(a), commonly written as Lp(a), is a genetically inherited form of LDL cholesterol that plays a distinct role in cardiovascular disease risk. Elevated Lp(a) levels are linked to a higher likelihood of developing conditions such as atherosclerosis, heart attack, stroke, and narrowing of the aortic valve. Unlike other cholesterol markers, Lp(a) levels are driven mainly by genetics rather than lifestyle factors like diet or physical activity.
Lp(a) consists of a standard LDL particle combined with a protein called apolipoprotein(a), or apo(a). This combination creates a particle that tends to adhere to blood vessel walls, encouraging plaque formation, inflammation, and abnormal clotting. A simple blood test can measure Lp(a), and clinicians often request it when someone has early-onset heart disease or a strong family history of cardiovascular problems.
What Lp(a) Is and How It Works
Why Lp(a) Matters
When Testing May Be Helpful
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